Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans
in Southern states still inhabited a starkly unequal world of
disenfranchisement, segregation and various forms of oppression,
including race-inspired violence. “Jim Crow” laws at the local and state
levels barred them from classrooms and bathrooms, from theaters and
train cars, from juries and legislatures. In 1954, the U.S. Supreme
Court struck down the “separate but equal” doctrine that formed the
basis for state-sanctioned discrimination, drawing national and
international attention to African Americans’ plight. In the turbulent
decade and a half that followed, civil rights activists used nonviolent
protest and civil disobedience to bring about change, and the federal
government made legislative headway with initiatives such as the Voting
Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. Many leaders from
within the African American community and beyond rose to prominence
during the Civil Rights era, including Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa
Parks, Malcolm X, Andrew Goodman and others. They risked—and sometimes
lost—their lives in the name of freedom and equality.
Explore the articles, speeches and videos from the following link. http://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement Be sure to pay attention to the explore more at the bottom of the page for specific events and people.
Post a comment with a top list of the most significant events and /or people of the civil rights movement. These can be positive or negative events that brought attention or advanced the civil rights movement. Be sure to explain your rationale for choosing each one.
9 comments:
1. Jackie Robinson breaking the colour barrier in the major leagues. This was a monumental breakthrough because there was always a segregation in the baseball community the blacks had their own league "Negro League". Robinson now has his number 42 retired and his own day dedicated to him.
2. Texas Western's coach (Don Haskins) starting 5 black players in the NCAA Championship against all white powerhouse kentucky. This was a breakthrough in the basketball community especially with a team from the South. Texas went on to win the championship game 72-65.
3.Martin Luther King Jr.s "I Have a Dream" speech was one of the most significant and influential speeches and rallies of all-time.He was the leader and driving force for many movements.He was murdered and died for doing something he believed in.
4. Rosa Parks is forever a symbol of strength and perseverance of injustice by uniting the civil rights movement by refusing her seat on a bus to a white man.
5. In 2008 President Obama became the first black president of the United States. This was a dream of Martin Luther King's was to have a man of colour in the White House. This isn't apart of the civil rights movement but it is still a major accomplishment and displays how far civil rights has progressed in the United States.
-JP
1. Martin Luther King Jr's "I Have a Dream" speech goes down in history as one of the most inspiring speeches of all time. He was the leader and the driving force for this rally and he ended up being assassinated for following his beliefs.
2. Segregated Schools in 1954, the brown vs board of education. This seperated the blacks and the whites from each other and goes down as one of the most famous cases in supreme court. It was a unanimous decision (9-0)
3. Malcolm X, 1966 , He was a significant activist and outspoken public voice of the Black muslim faith.He was an influential leader and called for black power and his ideas became more powerful after he died in 1965.
4. Rosa Parks shows the strength and willingness of the black people to stand up for what they believe in. She refused to give up her seat and because of this it was one of the first real acts to move forward with black people and started a boycott with the buses that lasted at least a year when she was in jail.
5. Jackie Robinson with the colour breaking barrier in the major leagues. He was the first black major league baseball player and has his number 42 retired. This helped the Civil Rights Movement in bringing sports together with black people and Jackie had a very significant career.
-Kh
1.The Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. - Led to anger from black Americans. A period of mourning helped bring about an equal housing bill that was the last achievement of the Civil Rights Movement.
2.March on Washington - 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington D.C. where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. The speech influenced the world to end racism and segregation.
3.Rosa Parks - Refused to give up her seat to a white man on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. She was convicted of violating segregation laws. Martin Luther King Jr. Organized a boycott against the bus company and Supreme Court eventually ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional. Rosa Parks' actions started the Civil Rights movement in the United States.
4.Birmingham Church Bombing - Following Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech a bomb exploded in the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham. The congregation was primarily black Americans. The event showed the U.S. how wrong racism and segregation was. It also showed the nature of the kind of people who supported segregation and inspired people to support the Civil Rights Movement.
5.Civil Rights Act - Proposed by John F. Kennedy and signed into law by Lyndon Johnson this was the Act that was to be the law that ended segregation and discrimination in the United States.
J.H.
Malcolm X- was an African-American human rights activist. Malcolm is often hailed as one of the most important figures in the civil rights movement. Malcolm taught the idea of black supremecy. Malcolm was assassinated on Feb 21, 1965 after being hit with numerous bullets.
Rosa Parks- Rosa parks was an African-American civil rights activist. She is popular for the bus incident of 1955. in 1955 a white male came on the bus and demanded she give him her seat. She fought with the man and said no she wont give it up. This was a large turning point in the civil rights movement.
Martin Luther King Jr- Martin Luther King was a civil rights activist. He was much different from Malcolm however he did not want any violence as instead he wanted a peaceful uprising. He too was assassinated but was able to get his point across on many different occasions.
Jackie Robinson- Jackie Robinson was a baseball player who was black. Up until this point there had never been a black person in the MLB. After him many followed in his tracks
Jesse Owens- Owens was an Olympic gold medalist. Owens is popular for representing the United States at the 1936 Olympics. After Owens many black athletes have participated in the olympics.
G.G
1. School Desegregation: in 1954, US supreme court ruled that segregation of school between black and white is unconstitutional in Brown Vs Board of Educationi Topeka. This is a land mark decision as it allowed African American to have the same educational right as the White.
2.Montgomery Bus Boycott: Rosa Park refused to give up her seat for a white man, she was arrested for this. As a result, a boycott of Montgomery city bus started. The boycott lasted for more than a year and showed the world the determination of black community toward equality. Also, Martin Luther King emerged out of the boy cott as the leader for civil right movement.
3.March on Washington, on August 28, 1963, over 200000 African Americans marched to Washinton to protest against job discrimination and public segregation. On this day, Martin Luther King Jr spoke his famous I have a Dream speech. This event brought black and white together in a peaceful protest against injustice and was a huge advancement on the civil right movement.
4. Selma to Montogomery Marches:Three matches in 1965 against voting discrimination for black which was the climax of black civil right movement. the first match was crushed by police while the second march also ended unsuccessfully. the third march,however, started on March 16 and lasted for 8 days till the marcher reache Montogomery on March 24.
5.Rise of Black Nationalism: orginizations like Black Panther Party rised which decided to use force to fight for freedom. This lead to various riots with in USA. This pushed the movement further as it showed the government the determination of Black community.
Tianxiao Deng
1. By refusing to give up her seat to a white man on the bus Rosa Parks initiated a civil rights movement against the lack of equality between white and African American people. This led to a boycott of using bus transportation for over a year and eventually ended when bus segregation was ruled unconstitutional. Parks became a symbol for strength and dignity.
2. Martin Luther King Jr. was inspired by advocates like Ghandi and sought equality for African Americans. He helped end racial segregation through events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington. His famous "I have a dream" speech during the Washington March called for racial justice and equality.
kj
3. School desegregation started in 1954. The Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional and shortly later parks, public housing, buses, and railroads were also desegregated. This is important because African Americans could now receive a better education being able to gain knowledge and participate in political processes as well as voting.
4. The Soweto massacre involved youths demonstrating against government ruling. They wanted a fair education and many lost theirs lives for it. The massacre led to a new phase in the liberation process, in which youth became deeply involved.
5. Nelson Mandela was the most influential South African leader in bringing about the transition to democracy. After Mandela's 27 years in prison he led his party in the negotiations that led to the establishment of democracy in 1994. As president he introduced policies aimed at combating poverty and equally in South Africa.
1) Martin Luthor King Jr. was a social activist in the U.S and made a huge impact that would forever change the lives of African Americans. He was the man behind events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington, which brought opportunities like the legislation as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. 1968 Martin Luthor king was assassinated.
2) Malcolm X was the public speaker for Black Muslim faith in America. He challenged the civil rights movement and defend from white aggression. "Malcolm Little" hanged his last name to X to reject his "slave" name. Malcolm became an influential leader of Islam and encouraged and helped less fortunate young blacks searching for confidence in segregated America. Malcolm X was also assassinated in 1965.
3) Adam Clayton Powell Jr. was a black American public official and pastor who became a liberal legislator and civil rights leader. Powell made many enemies due to his voiced opinion on racism. In 1960 he was part of a lawsuit with a women who had claimed Powell wrongly accused her of collecting police graft.
4) In 2008 President Obama became the first black president of the United States. Martin Luthor King had always wanted to achieve this goal. This is an example of how far America has come as far as racism and equality.
5) Rosa Parks is a huge example of standing up for her race and civil rights. Her actions will remain remembered forever, due to her standing up to a white man and refusing to give up her seat on a bus.
- C.A (madd dogg)
1. Rosa Parks
2. Martin Luther King
3. Malcolm X
4. Racial Segregation
5. Nelson Mandela
CE
1)Malcolm X in his leadership in the Nation of Islam. This was a interesting step in the civil right movement, he joined them after he got out of prison but Malcolm X did not become a big deal until he left the Nation of Islam when he gave speeches until he was assassinated. Even then he continued to be inspiring to the movement to equal freedom.
2)Martin Luther King Jr. and his march on Washington followed by his i have a dream speech was forever to be remembered in the civil rights movement and throughout history as one of the most inspiring speeches. Martin Luther King played a big role in the civil right movement even with his death the movement became stronger.
3)Rosa Parks was also inspiring during the movement because she showed that everyone should be equal by refusing her seat on the bus to a white man.
4)Jakie Robinson breaking the colour barrier in the major leagues was a big break through because he was the first to do it and it changed the way people saw African Americans in sports.
5)The civil rights act was pretty big when it was signed but even when it was proposed by John F. Kennedy it started to change the view on civil rights.
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